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# Supplemental results for "Effects of drying and orientation to perennial refuges on aquatic biodiversity across two basins differing in aridity"

Preferred citation (DataCite format):

  Gill, Brian A.; Sanabria, Anthony; Gonzales, Miranda; Carlson, Stephanie M.; Bogan, Michael T. (2022).
  Supplemental results for "Effects of drying and orientation to perennial refuges on aquatic biodiversity across two basins differing in aridity".
  University of Arizona Research Data Repository.
  Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25422/azu.data.16606754


Corresponding Author:
  Brian Gill, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, briangill@email.arizona.edu


License:
  CC BY 4.0


DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.25422/azu.data.16606754



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## Summary

Intermittent streams are globally distributed, comprise over half the length
of the global river network, and are expected to become more prevalent.
However, most studies of intermittent streams are conducted at extremes of
scale, are limited in taxonomic and temporal scope, and focus exclusively on
drying patterns. Here, we assessed how both flow intermittency and orientation
to perennial refuges affect aquatic invertebrates and aquatic and semi-aquatic
vertebrates across two years within two intermittent river basins differing in
their aridity. We used loggers to characterize flow intermittency and wet-dry
mapping to determine orientation to perennial refuge of reaches. In winter and
summer 2015 and 2016, we collected and identified invertebrates and visually
surveyed vertebrates. Using permutational multivariate analyses of variance
with distance matrices, we found distinct invertebrate communities by basin,
flow class (perennial or intermittent), and season, and distinct vertebrate
communities by basin, and between flow classes and seasons in the more arid
basin. Invertebrate communities had higher beta diversity in the more arid
than mesic basin, whereas the opposite was true for vertebrates. We identified
indicator species for all combinations of basin and flow class, perennial
reaches combined from both basins, each basin, and some combinations of flow
class and season within basins. Flow intermittency and orientation to
perennial refuge predictors correlated well with both invertebrate and
vertebrate communities. However, we did not find nestedness of communities
that differed significantly from that expected by chance in response to
increasing flow intermittency or distance to refuge. Lastly, basin, flow
intermittency, and orientation to perennial refuge predictors were generally
important for modeling taxon richness and densities, and richness and
densities decreased with increasing flow intermittency and distance to
perennial refuge. Collectively, our data suggest that intermittent streams
harbor unique biodiversity, but also that some taxa have context-dependent
responses to intermittency and orientation to perennial refuges. These
findings also suggest that future increases in stream drying are likely to
lead to changes to stream communities with high potential for the loss of
aquatic biodiversity.



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## Files and Folders

ResultS1.csv: Results of indicator species analysis for invertebrate taxa.
ResultS2.csv: Results of indicator species analysis for invertebrate taxa at Chalone Creek.
ResultS3.csv: Results of indicator species analysis for invertebrate taxa at Pine Gulch.
ResultS4.csv: Model rankings for invertebrate richness.
ResultS5.csv: Model rankings for log invertebrate densities.
ResultS6.csv: Results of indicator species analysis for vertebrate taxa.
ResultS7.csv: Results of indicator species analysis for vertebrate taxa at Chalone Creek.
ResultS8.csv: Results of indicator species analysis for vertebrate taxa at Pine Gulch.
ResultS9.csv: Model rankings for square root vertebrate richness.



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## Additional Notes

Links:
  - https://doi.org/10.25422/azu.data.16606736
  - https://doi.org/10.25422/azu.data.16606745